Nepal’s first successful COVID-19 plasma therapy

As the number of COVID-19 cases continue to rise in Nepal, a hospital in Kathmandu has performed the country’s first successful plasma therapy to save the life of an elderly patient.

The Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) extracted blood plasma from a 30-year-old man from Nuwakot who had recovered, and injected it into a 60-year-old pneumonia patient who was seriously ill after being infected with SARS-CoV-2.

“The patient had tested positive for COVID-19 and been referred from Morang district and was admitted in a serious condition to the ICU with very low oxygen level in the blood,” said Sant Kumar Das, a physician at TUTH.

When the patient did not improve even after five days, and as the oxygen level in his blood kept falling, doctors were preparing to put him on a ventilator. The Coronavirus Management Committee at TUTH then decided to try plasma therapy on the patient.

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After the recovered patient from Nuwakot was willing to have a transfusion, the procedure went ahead. Within three days of the plasma therapy, the TUTH patient’s condition improved, the oxygen saturation level in his blood went up, and he is being moved out of ICU.

“If more recovered patients are willing to donate their blood, we could save the lives of more critically ill coronavirus patients,” said Das, adding that TUTH had another patient who is being prepared for plasma therapy.

The blood of a recovered patients contain antibodies which, when the plasma is injected into the bloodstream of a critically ill patients, helps them fight the virus and reduce the severity of symptoms.

Nepal Health Research Foundation, which paid for the treatment, is now preparing to introduce plasma therapy to 12 other hospitals across the country, especially in the Tarai districts where there are growing numbers of COVID-19 patients in ICU. The Foundation is now preparing a protocol for treatment, allowing it to be used only in patients above 18 years, and designating two doctors for each hospital to carry out the treatment.

“This is not a clinical trial, but it is a very encouraging outcome, and it is a good start,” said the Foundation’s Pradip Gyawali, who added that there are eight seriously ill patients at the Seti Provincial Hospital in Dhangadi who could be the next beneficiaries.

The total confirmed cases in Nepal continues to rise with 246 people testing positive on Sunday out of the 8,869 people tested. Although the positivity rate appears to be going down, the new hotspots in the Tarai cities bordering India now have a higher proportion of patients showing serious symptoms. This is in contrast to the previous months when 97% of cases were asymptomatic.

Nepal now has 20,332 confirmed cases, of which 14,603 have recovered. There are 5,672 patients undergoing treatment, most of them in Province 2 and Far-west Province. There was one more COVID-19 fatality of a 67-year-old patient in Birganj on Sunday, bringing the total number of deaths nationwide to 57.

Of the 246 new cases on Sunday, 89 were in Parsa District. The border cities of Birganj, Rajbiraj, Biratnagar and Nepalganj are all under various stages of re-imposed lockdowns. Birganj had gone down to nearly zero cases two weeks ago when there was a sudden surge. Health authorities blame this on the lifting of the lockdown in Nepal, and increased movement of people from India to Nepal through the open border without testing.

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After a surge in cases in Kathmandu, the government has tightened controls at the four entry points to the Valley, and started testing people with symptoms. It has closed all incoming and outgoing traffic from 7PM-7AM every day.

The Health Ministry reported that 258 traffic policemen have tested positive for the coronavirus, and there is an increase in the number of cases among Nepal Army personnel in response teams.

The number of active COVID-19 cases in Kathmandu Valley has increased five-fold in the past month since the government lifted the lockdown.

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